I-R76-1 Isincomo Samazwe Ngamazwe Sokungeyona OkuzenzakalelayoIzinsimbi Zokukalakwenza iphoyinti elinguziro noziro kube udaba olubaluleke kakhulu, futhi akuvezi nje kuphela izidingo zokulinganisa, kodwa futhi nezimfuneko zobuchwepheshe, ngoba ukuzinza kwephoyinti elinguziro lanoma iyiphi insimbi yokukala kuyisiqinisekiso esiyisisekelo sokusebenza kwayo kokulinganisa.Amagama alandelayo ahlobene eduze nephuzu elinguziro, sichaza, sihlaziye ngokushintshana.
(1) Iphutha lenkulumo: Umehluko phakathi kwevelu ebonisiwe yesikali kanye nenani langempela lesisindo esihambisanayo (umhlangano).
(2) Iphutha Eliphezulu Elivunyelwe: Esikalini esisendaweni yereferensi futhi simiswe kuziro ngaphandle komthwalo, umehluko omkhulu ophozithivu noma onegethivu phakathi kwevelu yakhona ebonisiwe kanye nenani leqiniso elihambisanayo elinqunywa isisindo esijwayelekile sereferensi noma isisindo esijwayelekile. kunconywa ukuthi kuvunyelwe.
(3) Idivayisi Yokuqanda: Idivayisi esetha inani elibonisiwe kuqanda uma kungekho mthwalo kusiphathi.Okwezikali zikagesi, okuhlanganisa: idivayisi ye-semi-automatic zeroing, idivayisi ezenzakalelayo yokuthi zero, idivayisi yokuqala yokuthi zero, idivayisi yokulandelela iqanda.
(4) Ukunemba Kwe-Zeroing: Ngemva kokuba isikali sikhishwe uziro, umphumela wephutha elinguziro kumphumela wokukala ungaphakathi kuka-±0.25e.
(5) Iphutha lephoyinti elinguziro: ngemva kokukhipha, iphoyinti elinguziro lesikali libonisa iphutha lenani, iphutha eliphakeme elivunyelwe ebangeni elingu-±0.5e ekulinganisweni kokuqala.
(6) Idivayisi yokulandelela iqanda: idivayisi egcina ngokuzenzakalelayo inani elinguziro elibonisa phakathi kwebanga elithile.Idivayisi yokulandelela i-Zero iyidivayisi eyiziro ezenzakalelayo.
Idivayisi yokulandelela eyiziro ingaba nezifunda ezine: cha, ayisebenzi, iyagijima, iphuma ebangeni lokusebenza.
Idivayisi yokulandelela iqanda ivunyelwe ukusebenza uma:
– Inani elikhonjisiwe linguziro, noma elilingana nenegethivu yesisindo sengqikithi lapho isisindo singuziro;
- futhi ibhalansi isesimweni sokusimama;
– ukulungiswa akungaphezu kuka-0.5 e/s.
1. Ukuhlolwa kwedivayisi yokulandelela iqanda
Njengobuningi bemikhiqizo yebhalansi ye-elekthronikhi e-China njengamanje, kukhona idivayisi yokulandelela eyiziro, ngakho-ke isidingo sokuhlola iphuzu elinguziro lephutha, kufanele uqinisekise ukuthi ukulandelela okuyiziro akukwazi ukusebenza.Khona-ke, idivayisi yokulandelela i-zero "ayisebenzi" okuwukuphela kwendlela ukubeka isisindo esithile somthwalo eduze nephoyinti elingu-zero, ukuze ukulandelela kwe-zero ngaphezu kobubanzi bayo bokusebenza.
(1) inqume izinga lokulungiswa kwedivayisi yokulandelela eyiziro
Ngenxa yamazinga afanelekile nezinqubo zokulinganisa kuzinga lokulungiswa kokulandela umkhondo onguziro alinqunywa endleleni, kutholwe ukuthi kukhona abantu abathile kulokhu kuqagela, bakhuphule izinga lokulungisa ngokuqaphela, ukuze ithuluzi lokukala libuyele kuqanda ngokushesha, ukuze ukukhombisa ukuthi izinga lomkhiqizo wemikhiqizo ngayinye lihle kakhulu.Ngenxa yalesi sizathu, umbhali ufinyeze emsebenzini wangempela wendlela, ungakwazi ngokushesha ensimini ukuze uhlole izinga lokulandela umkhondo le-zero lesikali.
Vula amandla, uzinzise okungenani i-30min, ubeke umthwalo we-10e kusithwali somthwalo, ukuze isikali "i-zero tracking" siphume ebangeni lokusebenza.Faka ngobumnene umthwalo ongu-0.3e ngezikhawu ezingaba ngu-2 futhi uqaphele inani.
Ngemuva kwemithwalo engu-3 elandelanayo ye-0.3e, isikali sibonisa ukwanda okuphawulekayo kwesigaba esisodwa, okubonisa ukuthi idivayisi ayikho noma ngeke isebenze.
Uma isikali singabonakali ngokusobala inani ngemva kwemithwalo engu-3 engu-0.3e, iyunithi isasebenza futhi ilandelela izilungiso phakathi kuka-0.5e/s.
Khona-ke, susa ngobumnene imithwalo ye-3 0.3e futhi isikali kufanele sibonise ukwehla okuphawulekayo kwesigaba esisodwa.
Kungani kusetshenziswa imithwalo engu-3 0.3e?
Umthwalo we-0.3e ungaphansi kwezinga lokulungiswa kwe-0.5e / s;kanye nemithwalo ye-3 0.3e inkulu kune-0.5e / s futhi ingaphansi kwezinga lokulungiswa kwe-1e / s (ngoba izinga lokulungiswa elidingekayo likhuphuka ngezikhathi ze-0.5e / s).
(2) Beka ngokucacile ukuthi ungakanani umthwalo ongaphezu kwebanga lokulandelela elinguziro
U-R76, ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa okukhulunywa ngakho, kwakudingeka umthwalo we-10e ubekwe ngale kwebanga lokulandela elinguziro.Kungani ungalayishi i-5e, kungani ungalayishi i-2e?
Nakuba ezincomweni zamazwe ngamazwe kanye nemithetho yethu efanelekile ibekwe ngokucacile ukuthi izinga lokulungiswa kwedivayisi yokulandelela iqanda kufanele libe ngu-“0.5e/s”, kodwa abakhiqizi abaningi bezinsimbi ezikalayo, embonini yezinsimbi abazange babeke izinga lokulungiswa kwedivayisi yokulandela umkhondo kokuthi leli phuzu.Ngisho nabanye abakhiqizi bezinsimbi zokukala, basethwe kusilinganiso esiphezulu sokulungisa (okwamanje bona isilinganiso esiphezulu sokulungisa esingu-6e/s).
2. Ukuhlola ukunemba kweqanda
Uma insimbi yokukala ingenawo umsebenzi wokulandela umkhondo we-zero, noma kukhona inkinobho ekhethekile yokuvala idivayisi yokulandelela i-zero, ekutholeni "ukunemba kwe-zero" kanye "nephutha le-zero", asikho isidingo sokubeka umthwalo owengeziwe (10e).Inkinga ukuthi amathuluzi amaningi okukala e-China awahlomekile nge-switch engavala idivayisi yokulandelela i-zero, futhi wonke anomsebenzi wokulandela umkhondo we-zero, ngakho-ke ukuze sithole iphutha le-zero, kufanele sibeke umthwalo owengeziwe. (10e) ukulenza lidlule ibanga lokulandela elinguziro lapho isikali sithululwa, ukuze sithole ukunemba kwesilungiselelo esithi ziro “eduze uziro” kanye “nephutha elinguziro”.Lokhu kuphumela “ekusondeleni kukaziro” ukunemba kokwenza uziro.Ngokulandelanayo beka izisindo ezingeziwe ezingu-0.1e kuze kube yilapho inani lenyuka kakhulu ngesigaba esisodwa (I+e), futhi isamba sezisindo ezengeziwe ngu-∆L, ukuze iphutha lokumisa libe ngu-: E0=10e+0.5e-∆L-10e= 0.5e-∆L≤±0.25e.Uma ingqikithi yezisindo ezengeziwe ingu-0.4e, khona-ke: E0=0.5e-0.4e=0.1e<±0.25e..
3. Incazelo yokunquma ukunemba kwe-zeroing
Injongo yokunquma ukunemba kwesilungiselelo esinguziro iwukuqinisekisa ukuthi ukubalwa “kwephutha lokulungisa ngaphambi kokulungiswa” kuqedwa enqubweni yokulinganisa.Uma uhlola ukunemba kwesilinganiso, iphutha lokulungisa ngaphambilini lingatholwa ngefomula: E=I+0.5e-∆LL.Ukuze wazi ngokunembe kakhudlwana iphutha endaweni yokukala ethile yesikali, kuyadingeka ukulilungisa ngephutha lephoyinti elinguziro, okungukuthi: Ec=E-E0≤MPE.
Ngemva kokulungisa iphutha lephoyinti lokukala ngephutha lephoyinti elinguziro, kuyenzeka ukuthi kulungiswe inani eleqa kancane inani eliphakeme elivunyelwe njengephutha, noma ukulungisa inani elibonakala lingaphakathi kwebanga elifanelekayo njengelingafanelekile.Kodwa-ke, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ukulungiswa kufanelekile noma akufanelekile, inhloso yokusebenzisa idatha elungisiwe yephutha lephuzu elinguziro ukwenza imiphumela yokuhlolwa isondele ekunembeni kweqiniso kwesikali.
4. Ukunqunywa Kwephutha elinguziro
Okokuqala, ukulinganisa kufanele kunqume iphutha lephuzu le-zero lesikali ngale ndlela: ngaphambi kokukhipha wonke umthwalo kumthwali womthwalo wesilinganiso, kubalulekile ukubeka umthwalo we-10e kusithwali somthwalo, bese ususa umthwalo. kusuka kusithwali somthwalo, bese ubeka izisindo ezingeziwe ezingu-0.1e ngokulandelana kuze kube yilapho inani likhuphuka ngokusobala ngesigaba esisodwa (I+e), futhi ukunqwabelana kwezisindo ezengeziwe kungu-∆L, bese unquma iphutha lephoyinti elinguziro ngokwendlela indawo ekhanyayo, E=10e+0.5 E=10e+0.5e-∆L-10e=0.5e-∆L≤±0.5e.Uma isisindo esengeziwe siqongelela ku-0.8e, khona-ke: E0=0.5e-0.8e=-0.3e<±0.5e.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Aug-14-2023